Literature During The Harlem Renaissance - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1558 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2019/05/23 Category Art Essay Level High school Tags: Renaissance Essay Did you like this example? Literature During the Harlem Renaissance In all my life, I have never been free. I have never been able to do anything with freedom, except in the field of my writing. Langston Hughes During World War I, many job opportunities became available in northern factories so, African Americans ventured from the rural southern states to urban northeast cities such as Chicago, New York, and Detroit. They did this in order to obtain more profitable jobs but, mainly to escape Jim Crow segregation which was less extreme in the north. This movement, better known as the Great Migration, led six million African Americans to a fresh start and new racial identity, one apart from slaveryrs grip on the South. Primarily, these individuals met their destination point in Harlem, New York, the heart of what would be referred to as the New Negro Movement or the Harlem Renaissance. The Harlem Renaissance marked the first time in American history in which the white population noted the cultural presence of African Americans and offered modernized ways of understanding African Americans by encouraging people to participate in various forms of art, enabling them to express themselves, becaus e expression was one pathway that led to freedom. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Literature During The Harlem Renaissance" essay for you Create order The Harlem Renaissance, a movement of the 1920s and early 1930s, was headed by the the Great Migration of African Americans to Harlem, New York. Due to the influx of African Americans, this neighborhood became the core of the golden age in black culture that was embodied through literature, music, dance, and art. This time highlighted an era of celebration and pride of a culture that was disgraced for many years and allowed all cultural groups to pay attention to the feelings that consumed African Americans regarding their past and what their culture has to offer. The expression of these topics through diverse mediums displayed a balance between the horrors African Americans had endured as well as the victories they had achieved, while providing insight on feelings towards not only the Harlem Renaissance but, the converging historical time periods of the Great Migration, Jazz Age, and Great Depression. This time period allowed the exposure of many black intellectuals such as Langston Hughes and Jacob Lawrence, who were just a few of the brave voices of this movement. Langston Hughes was one of the most famous poets and influential thinkers of the Harlem Renaissance. Hughes, born in Missouri but raised mainly in Kansas by his grandmother who had once been enslaved, developed a deep admiration for those, like his grandmother, who were what he referred to as low-down folks or poor people who had a strong sense of pride and emotion regarding black culture. Hughes briefly attended Columbia University in 1921, during the time of the Harlem Renaissance, where he dropped out and became a prominent voice in Harlem. Hughes held his strong sense of racial pride through his literary works and portrayed the concerns of the black community by promoting equality, celebrating African American culture, and denounced racism and transgressions towards blacks. In addition to this, his works were also shaped by the movement due to his love for the popular pastime of jazz music and his incorporation of this in the rhythms of his poetry and the parallel between the way in which jazz freed itself from traditional musical forms and the freeing nature of his works. Not only did the time period influence Langston Hughes works, but Hughes himself influenced other aspiring storytellers such as Jacob Lawrence. Jacob Lawrence was an American artist that illustrated the various subjects relating to the time period but, focused on the story of the Great Migration, depicting the struggles faced by African Americans on the road to freedom. Lawrence was born in New Jersey but, came from a family who originated in South Carolina and Virginia that migrated north in hopes of economic opportunity. At the age of thirteen, Lawrence moved to Harlem where he attended art classes at the Harlem Art Workshop in New York Public Libraryrs 135th Street Branch. Due to it being near impossible for African Americans to attend typical art academies, Harlem provided education for African Americans striving to fulfill such a profession. Despite his ability to attend an art academy, Lawrence came from poverty so, he developed a strong work ethic that was highlighted in his later works regarding his theme of social protest of the civil rights movement and his beliefs regarding African Americans and their participatio n in the workfield. In addition, despite financial hardships, Lawrencers mother placed high regard in the upkeep of a beautiful home which attributed to Lawrencers eye for art and visual relationships. Lawrence portrayed his experiences in Harlem and the aspiring lives of African Americans. Lawrence also provided a view of the poverty, crime, police brutality, and racial issues of Harlem in a more sarcastic manner. Throughout his career, Lawrence was exposed to the various African American artists that influenced his work and led to collaborations such as his illustrations of the Migration Series that coincided with Langston Hughes book of poetry called One-Way Ticket. The Great Migration was an important topic in Langston Hughes poetry and specifically in his poem titled One-Way Ticket. In this poem, Hughes explicitly identifies the poemrs correlation to history by stating, I pick up my life; And take it with me; And I put it down in; Chicago, Detroit, Buffalo, Scranton; Any place that is North and East (Hughes, One-Way Ticket 1-6). By reading this, the reader can understand the reference of the Great Migration and the movement of African Americans in order to escape southern oppression as he repeatedly states Any place that is North and East- And not Dixie Any place that is North and West- And not South (Hughes, One-Way Ticket 6-7, 12-14), indicating the movement north in order to stay away from the south. After this, he explicates his feelings towards what is occurring in the south and gives reason behind the desire to move northward by saying, I am fed up; With Jim Crow laws; People who are cruel; And afraid, Who lynch and run, Who are scared o f me; And me of them (Hughes, One-Way Ticket 15-21). This line specifically shows Hughes bitterness and pain regarding the fear of black people by whites and the horrible past events that occurred such as lynching, shedding light on the subject while instilling the wrongness of the situation to all of his readers. Hughes ends the poem by explaining the significance of moving north saying, I pick up my life; And take it away; On a one-way ticket- Gone up North, Gone our West, Gone! (Hughes, One-Way Ticket 22-27). By stating this, Hughes demonstrates the permanentness of the situation and the fact that African Americans were forced to leave their lives behind to start anew. In addition to this, he finishes the poem by repeating the word gone in order to, again, show that he is fed up with the treatment of blacks and is moving to regain control over his life. This poem highlighting the Harlem Renaissance was illustrated by Jacob Lawrence in his piece also titled One-Way Ticket. Jacob Lawrence illustrated many poems by Langston Hughes, one of which being One-Way Ticket. While overall, Lawrence used many colors in his drawings and paintings to indicate the feelings the art was intended to invoke, in this drawing, his choice of utilizing colors of black and white illustrate the overall mood of the seriousness and hardship that African Americans faced during the Great Migration. This drawing correlates to Hughes poem in the sense of the gloomy scene of having to pick up oners life due to mistreatment and oppression. As seen in the drawing, people of all ages and families are sitting around on what seems to be boxes or luggage. Lawrence employs repeated overlapping of shapes and people in order to indicate the unity of the movement. In addition, he enlarges specific features, such as the hands and feet of certain individuals to demonstrate the hardships and hardworking nature of the lives, experiences, and maltreatment of the African Americans. Overall, Lawrence composed powerful images by simultaneously using perspective and flatness in order to create effective representations of the dense, multi-faceted poems of Langston Hughes. While this is just one piece of the greater story depicted by the book of poetry titled One-Way Ticket, the overall combination of images and poetry in a visual narrative, renders the story of the journey of African Americans in seeking a better life. The Great Migration, the movement of African Americans to the north for job opportunities and better treatment, brought a flow of individuals to the city of Harlem, New York, where African American ancestral practices, principles, culture, and religion flourished. The movement to this city, the mecca of black culture, led into the Harlem Renaissance where African Americans were able to shape their culture and create outlets for their peers to understand the horrors of their past and reflect on their new, blossoming culture. In this environment, individuals such as Langston Hughes and Jacob Lawrence were able to show their inspiration, pain, and feelings regarding the various social issues pertaining to African Americans. Whether it be in collaboration or individually, Hughes and Lawrence managed to share their stories by taking advantage of their one route to freedom, expression in both poetry and art.

Themes in Mircea Eliades The Sacred and the Profane

Mircea Eliade’s The Sacred and the Profane analyzes a wide variety of components that are found within various world religions. Eliade uses the history of religion to support his ideas as the the book itself is a brief introduction to religion as a whole, particulary the religions of primitive societies. Nonetheless, when looking to the past one can see that mankind’s desire to associate itself with the sacred has been occuring for thousands of years. From temples to passages of intiation, religious man is a unique microcosm that follows and repeats the structure of the religious macrocosm, the creation of the cosmos. One can conclude that Eliade views religion as the â€Å"paradigmatic solution for every existential crisis.† (p210) and†¦show more content†¦The participation in these events and overall repetition enforces the religious content and provides an optimistic vision of existence and eventual transcendence for the participant. It provides a bre ak from a temporal and profane duration of time and into a sacred time of importance and meaning for a religion and its followers. Religious experience then would fall into the personal realm of man himself and how he perceives the world around him. Nature provides a chief component in primitive religious man’s view of the cosmos and his gods. The sky houses the gods, remote although it may be, natural phenomenon such as thunder and rain gave primitive and early religious man the reasoning to place his gods above him in the intangible heavens as such natural occurrences were due in part to the supernatural beings dwelling in the skies. Alongside the sky, the observation of the transition of the moon and sun (night and day) signify death and rebirth. Water too plays a symbolic part in human experience and although it has a powerful capability to destroy life, it also reiterates the cosmogonic cycle, especially with the practice of baptism where water renews life. (p132) Earth itself is also linked to the human experience of child birth with females. The idea of a â€Å"Terra Mater† or mother earth (p138) symbolizes the idea of the earth reproducing its vegetation-based life in comparison to the experience of mother giving birth of her children. Physiological acts such as theShow MoreRelatedThe Death Of The Western World2220 Words   |  9 Pagesphilosopher of religion, Mircea Eliade. Eliade, in his work The Sacred and The Profane: The Nature of Religion, postulates that for modern men to truly understand religion, they must remove themselves from contemporary society and enter the world of the â€Å"archaic.† Eliade posits that archaic peoples divide their world into two planes of existence, that of the sacred and the profane. The profane is that which is mundane, ordinary, everyday, fragile, and unexceptional, while the sacred is that which is supernaturalRead MoreIslamic Terrorism and the Attack of September 11 Essay3155 Words   |  13 Pagesthe unlikely U.S. target, needs a post-modern lens through which it can be viewed. With this in mind I will discuss various aspects of the current crisis in light of scholarly methods of investigation in the field of religion and myth. Certain themes have emerged within the warring points of view as this drama unfolds. There is the blurring of the distinction between Islam as a religion and the acts of terrorism that have occurred on the political stage. It is being blurred in both directions

Productions and Operations Management

Question: Discuss about theProductions and Operations Management. Answer: Introduction: Every business organization intends to set up their firm position in the entire market by providing the best quality products and services to the customers with an aim of increasing the sales values and achieving maximum amount of profit (Anupindi et al., 2011). Hence it is of utmost importance that the organizations must take care and look after all their operations and activities so that they can be able to accomplish their goals and withstand all their challenges effectively and fruitfully. This particular essay will throw spotlight upon the production and operations of Hawkesbury Cabinets. Also the study will entail the effects of new builders kitchen line on the company and the broader organizational issues caused by those operational problems. Main Body of the Analysis In this particular case scenario, it has been observed that Hawkesbury Cabinets Pty Ltd designs and manufactures beautiful and attractive custom-built kitchen cabinetry. By the effective intervention and involvement of the siblings Fung and Mei Chen, the company has attained enough success and reputation in the overall market. Mei is a qualified interior designer while Fung is a master cabinetmaker. Initially the company aimed at fulfilling all the needs of the growing Chinese community at Hawkesbury (Krajewski, Ritzman and Malhotra, 2013). With the passage of time, Fung has taken up the position of a production and operations manager. On the other hand, Mei had adopted the role of a general manager and looked up the financial operations and all the other functionalities. There was a considerable and convenient distribution of the managerial duties and responsibilities between the two of them. Current Production Systems and Processes used at Hawkesbury Cabinets Pvt Ltd The company Hawkesbury Cabinets had emphasised widely on the designing of custom-based kitchens. As stated by Hill and Hill (2012).a strong customer base had been gathered by the company where the customers consult with Mei and demand for a unique well designed kitchen cabinet. With the growth of the companys reputation and success, Brown, Bessant and Lamming (2013) opined that low volume contracts had also been signed by the company to provide the small spec builders with a supreme quality and standardised kitchen cabinetry. These client builders had imposed stringent delivery requirements. According to the builders contracts, limited range of kitchen cabinets were being manufactured or produced by the company in small batches. A range of one to five kitchen cabinets with similar designs and specifications were being produced by Hawkesbury Cabinets. Very soon, the demand for the standardised kitchens had increased to 40% volume and 25% of revenue (Slack Brandon-Jones and Johnston, 2 013).From the concerned case study, it has been reviewed that the company Hawkesbury Cabinets operated single manufacturing facility where they supplied both the custom and standardised kitchen cabinets. Various types of equipments are being grouped together in the factory of the company. The production of the kitchen cabinets is done by involving several optimum quality general purpose machineries so as to ensure flexibility in the designing of the kitchen cabinets and execution of the entire production process (Goodal et al, 2011). The cutting tables and the saws are being kept in one section while the routers and the shapers are assembled in the other section. The other less required machineries and lathes are being kept away from the production area in a separate section so that those can be brought in whenever required. Moreover, cutting edges, painting and the finishing of the ordered kitchen cabinets are being done is other separate areas at the rear position of the facility which are environmentally controlled. Analysing these current production systems and processes, Schroeder, Goldstein and Rungtusanatham, (2011) has assessed and evaluated that the finished products of Hawk esbury Cabinets are of superior quality and the company also promises to the customers that the consumption of their cabinets will uplift their esteem and lifestyles to a wide extent. Khanna, (2015) stated that the cabinets produced are all well decorated, designed, smooth edged and properly shaped which reflect the quality of the materials used to manufacture these and the skills and abilities of the cabinetmakers. Hence from the analysis, it is quite clear that the operations of the company are quite sound and proficient enough to sustain its position successfully in the market. Effects of the New Builders kitchen line on Hawkesbury Cabinets Operations As per the review of the operations and production systems of Hawkesbury Cabinets Pty Ltd, it has been understood that the new builders kitchen line had proved to be quite beneficial and fruitful for the company during the past few years. According to the opinions of Slack (2015), the sales of the kitchen line of the new builders had increased to a great considerable extent which, in turn, had resulted in the acquirement of a good and favourable amount of profit and revenue in the market. These led the company to gain more regular scheduling of this particular work. But it has also been perceived that the custom kitchen cabinetry had been given more importance and priority during preparing the scheduling trade-offs (Bozarth and Handfield, 2016). This is because the company could not deny that extensive amount of profits were earned from the sale of the custom designed kitchen cabinets. Thus more scheduled standard kitchen cabinet components were being left idle around the plant in the several stages of completion (Karlsson, 2010). As a matter of fact, the volume of work had increased which led the workers into serious trouble. Due to the excessive work load and urgent deadlines, the spacious manufacturing area of the company had been blocked up completely and the workers also faced difficulties to keep an effective pace of work. This had resulted in the increase of the partially completed works in the factory. Effects of the Move to Produce Builders kitchens Might have on the Companys Financial Structure The financial aspects of the company Hawkesbury Cabinets were looked upon by Mei Chen. It was a much pleasant view for Mei to note that the company was growing. In accordance with Sharma (2010), the companys balance sheet at the end of each month or each year showed miraculous progress as the sale values of the custom kitchen cabinets as well as the new builders line were increasing day by day. But Peng and Lai (2012) reviewed that along with this progress, the accountant of the company has argued that the profit margins were not the same or close to what was expected by them. As per the operations and production of the company, the profit margins should have reached the heights which were not in real. The cash outflows were increasing due to the rise of the costs related with the new builders line (Chase, 2012). Enough capital had been spent for the raw materials inventory, work in progress and also the finished goods which were quite troublesome for the company. This capital was be ing invested from the revenue obtained by them which led to the decrease in their estimated profit level. Moreover, since the volume of inventory had increased, warehouse spaces had to be given on rent (Agus and Shukri Hajinoor, 2012). The current operation processes were creating a limit to the manufacturing capacity and as such, no extra space had been kept free for the plant expansion. This had affected the financial structure of Hawkesbury Cabinets Pty Ltd widely. Conclusion The overall analysis depicted the current production and operations processes of the Hawkesbury Cabinets and how Fung and Mei had managed the organizational activities effectively. It has been perceived that the company had attained success by supplying both the custom cabinets and standardised cabinets. But as the work load increased, the workers faced issues for completing their work and as a result the spacious area of the factory got filled up with several incomplete works (Subramanian and Ramanathan, 2012). The sale of the custom based kitchen cabinets was strong as usual but the new builders line was constantly increasing which caused problems for the labour force to accomplish and meet the deadlines with utmost efficacy. Moreover, the sale values and profit margins were also affected as the company had to spend enough capital from their earned revenue in storing raw materials and also in the entire work process to meet the demands of the new builders line. Thus the relative co sts were rising and on this account the anticipated profit margin fell widely. In this essay, the production and operations management of the company along with its issues have been broadly discussed. References Agus, A. and Shukri Hajinoor, M., 2012. Lean production supply chain management as driver towards enhancing product quality and business performance: Case study of manufacturing companies in Malaysia.International Journal of Quality Reliability Management,29(1), pp.92-121. Anupindi, R., Chopra, S., Deshmukh, S.D., Van Mieghem, J.A. and Zemel, E., 2011. Managing business process flows: principles of operations management. Pearson Higher Ed. Bozarth, C.B. and Handfield, R.B., 2016.Introduction to operations and supply chain management. Pearson Higher Ed. Brown, S., Bessant, J.R. and Lamming, R., 2013. Strategic operations management. Routledge. Chase, J., 2012. Operations management. Tata McGraw-Hill. Goodale, J.C., Kuratko, D.F., Hornsby, J.S. and Covin, J.G., 2011. Operations management and corporate entrepreneurship: The moderating effect of operations control on the antecedents of corporate entrepreneurial activity in relation to innovation performance. Journal of Operations Management, 29(1), pp.116-127. Hill, A. and Hill, T., 2012. Operations management. Palgrave Macmillan. Karlsson, C. ed., 2010. Researching operations management. Routledge. Khanna, R.B., 2015. Production and operations management. PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd.. Krajewski, L.J., Ritzman, L.P. and Malhotra, M.K., 2013. Operations management: processes and supply chains. New York: Pearson. Parry, G., Mills, J. and Turner, C., 2010. Lean competence: integration of theories in operations management practice. Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, 15(3), pp.216-226. Peng, D.X. and Lai, F., 2012. Using partial least squares in operations management research: A practical guideline and summary of past research.Journal of Operations Management,30(6), pp.467-480. Schroeder, R.G., Goldstein, S.M. and Rungtusanatham, M.J., 2011. Operations management. Sharma, V. (2010).Production management. Jaipur, India: ABD Publishers. Slack, N., 2015.Operations strategy. John Wiley Sons, Ltd. Slack, N., Brandon-Jones, A. and Johnston, R., 2013. Operations management. Subramanian, N. and Ramanathan, R., 2012. A review of applications of Analytic Hierarchy Process in operations management.International Journal of Production Economics,138(2), pp.215-241.

W.E.B. Du Bois and Mary Wollstonecraft free essay sample

An examination of the different styles and techniques of writing. An examination of the different writing styles and techniques of writers: W.E.B. Du Bois and Mary Wollstonecraft. The author examines their presentations and techniques in gaining audience attention and portraying a convincing argument, and the way these differed according to the time these authors wrote. The author makes reference to various novels such as: Wollstonecraft?s A Vindication of the Rights of Woman and Du Bois?s The Souls of Black Folk. When addressing an audience, the writers choice of words, style and the manner in which his or her presentation is executed are critical. They are the key elements to gaining the audiences attention and not only maintaining it, but also convincing them that the argument, which you are making, is worthy. Both Wollstonecraft and Du Bois had brilliant strategies geared toward gaining the attention and approval of their audiences. We will write a custom essay sample on W.E.B. Du Bois and Mary Wollstonecraft or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Although Wollstonecraft wrote for an audience of British men in 1792 and Du Bois for white American men in 1903, they shared a common use of literary wording and usage of speech. Aside from sharing similar writing characteristics they also shared other attributes as well. In Wollstonecrafts A Vindication of the Rights of Woman and Du Boiss The Souls of Black Folk they both have a particular goal in mind, which they hope to achieve by their writings; a goal that if successful, would create a revelation in the way of living for both women and black folk. Wollstonecraft and Du Bois are both fighting, one for the rights of women and the other for the rights of Blacks, but in actuality they are fighting for the same goal. They want equality among all, not just women or Blacks, but for society as a whole.